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- ^C^BCommon System Problems^b^c
- ^C(c)1994,1995 Terry E. Mercer^c
-
- There are a number of problems which can, and often do, occur when trying
- to run DOS programs on a computer, especially some of the more impressive
- games.
-
- The most common problems encountered with DOS based programs are:
-
- 1. Not Enough Memory;
-
- 2. System Configured Incorrectly (or not in a
- standard fashion);
-
- 3. Sound not working or locking system;
-
- 4. Trying to save your data or otherwise write to
- the CD Rom disc (impossible) but many people
- still try.
-
-
- ^BProblem #1: Not Enough Memory^b
-
- The most common reason a DOS based program doesn't start is that there is
- not enough conventional RAM memory. A DOS based computer (IBM PC or
- compatible) has inherent limits for DOS applications (programs) regarding
- memory access.
-
- You may have heard of the "640K barrier," which is what NORMAL DOS is
- limited to... 640,000 bytes of "conventional memory." With DOS 5 and
- above, or using a special memory enhancement program (such as QEMM),
- there is another 384K of upper memory if made available... but difficult
- for the average user to configure correctly.
-
- No matter how much memory a DOS based computer has, the limits on
- conventional memory is still 640+384 (max) minus xxK being used by the
- programs and environment being loaded at start up by the Autoexec.Bat and
- Config.Sys files... even with 16 Megabytes or more.
-
- Using memory managers is possible (and usually easy) to do. Some basic
- changes may be required to enhance your systems ability to recognize more
- of its memory. DOS v6 shipped with MEMMAKER. This program can be very
- beneficial if you are NOT on a network and don't have any unique cards in
- your system. I wouldn't recommend using it, except as a last resort and
- knowing that there is a chance it could make matters worse (although less
- than 20% likely).
-
- ^BProblem #2 - System Configured Incorrectly (or not in a^b
- ^B standard fashion);^b
-
- If you purchased a computer completely set up, with all the programs and
- special cards (i.e., sound cards, modems, and scanners, etc.) then you run
- a slight risk that the person which set up your system didn't do it quite
- right, and/or had optimized it for the programs they used most often...
- not for YOUR needs. You may need to have a trained computer technician
- make such changes & optimize the system for your specific needs. We do NOT
- recommend the use of MEMMAKER (supplied with DOS v6 and higher) as a cure.
- MEMMAKER does NOT take a few very important factors into account, and can
- actually HURT or WORSEN the problems. *Please make a BACKUP of the following
- files: Autoexec.Bat and Config.Sys before attempting to change them (whether
- manually or using a program like MEMMAKER).
-
- ^BProblem #3 - Sound not working or locking up the system;^b
-
- There are dozens of different sound cards on the market. Some have a lot
- of features, others are limited. In the Windows world, Microsoft Windows
- controls the sound (video, mouse, printer, etc.) which means that if a
- device works in one Windows program, it will automatically work with all
- such programs. DOS, however, isn't that standard or automatic. Each DOS
- program must use it's own video drivers, sound drivers, etc. therefore
- incompatibilities are not only possible, but also probable if your system
- is slightly out of the "ordinary," or "tweaked" with non-standard and/or
- high-end components.
-
- The most common things you can check (and try) regarding any problems
- with your sound card are:
-
- a) Are your speakers plugged in and powered on? This
- is suprisingly common.
-
- b) Run the test for 8-bit, 16-bit, and FM sounds from
- DOS - NOT WINDOWS! Just because sound works in Windows
- it doesn't mean DOS is configured correctly. Most all
- Sound cards ship with a Sound Test program, or have a
- "Test Sound" in their configuration file. If it doesn't
- work here, NO DOS game (program) can work effectively.
-
- c) Look in your Autoexec.Bat and Config.Sys files,
- verify the settings. A220, D1, and I7(or 5) are
- the most common settings for Sound Blaster and
- compatibles (A=Address, D=DMA Channel, and
- I=IRQ or Interrupt).
-
- d) Verify that the program is set correctly. Some
- programs have a "Setup" or configure on the
- main menu, other programs have it accessible
- through another program, you may have to look
- and see for EACH program you are having trouble
- with. Also, remember, if the program was
- intended to run directly from a CD Rom disc,
- and the setup program is not on the main menu
- (i.e., a separate program) you will probably
- have to INSTALL the program to your hard disc
- drive to make it run, as the new settings can't
- be saved to the CD Rom disc.
-
- e) If your system starts the sound, THEN locks up,
- chances are you are either getting power feed
- back from amplified speakers, or having a
- problem with the 16-bit compatibility. Try
- selecting regular Sound Blaster (not SB 16 or
- SB Pro). You may set the IRQ to 7 rather than
- 5. IRQ 5 began with the release of SB 16, and
- many older 8 bit card and 16 bit compatibles
- can't access IRQ 5 correctly. If that doesn't
- work please consult your sound card manual or
- a local technician.
-
- __________________________________________________________
- Some basic hints and tips
- ----------------------------------------------------------
- (if you are brave enough to try modifying or optimizing
- your system... at your own risk)
-
- The following commands should be in the top three lines of your CONFIG.SYS
- file (with few exceptions) to optimize most DOS programs:
-
- ^TDEVICE=C:\DOS\HIMEM.SYS
- ^TDOS=HIGH,UMB
- ^TDEVICE=C:\DOS\EMM386.EXE M9 2048 RAM
-
- The first two lines tell your computer to use the high memory... the
- memory BETWEEN the 640K barrier and the 1024K (first megabyte) which
- normally is un-used and sits idle. The third line loads a memory manager
- (supplied with your DOS and Windows).
-
- NOTE: On some systems the "M9" switch will need to be removed from the
- command line, as it CAN lock your system. However, if it doesn't lock your
- system it should give you an additional 64K block of upper memory (one
- page frame normally reserved for EGA, for the techies).
-
- The "2048 RAM" section tells the computer to set up 2 Megs of EMS memory
- (which many DOS programs can access and use). You will see "NOEMS" in here
- if the computer has been optimized for Windows use. Consider a Multiple
- Boot set-up. It should solve most all of your problems for your current
- computer software (if done correctly) however, will require a little more
- manual effort when installing programs that try to change your start-up
- files (i.e., Autoexec.Bat & Config.Sys).
-
- If you type MEM /C at the DOS prompt (C:\>) your memory usage will be
- displayed. Check you memory BEFORE and AFTER you make changes. Pay
- attention to the lines (toward the bottom) that says, "Largest Exectutable
- Program Size." The number in the parens (XXXK) is the answer. Some
- programs won't run unless that number is as much as 605K! The individual
- program should tell you what is required.
-
- There are a number of things you can try. But, unless you are comfortable
- editing system files, have a computer technician set up a Multi-Config
- (different ways your computer can start up, depending on what you want it
- to do at that time). This person will also be able to (if they are good)
- optimize your system for you, both memory & data. Have them check for
- fragments, and things which would speed up your system. This is generally
- the least stressful and smartest move. If you want to try this task on
- your own, use the following resources:
-
- ^CDan Gookin's DOS for Dummies^c
- ^CYour DOS manual^c
- ^CTry typing HELP at the DOS prompt^c
-
- If all else fails, invest in a good tech to solve your problems for you,
- and to answer your questions in a "hands on" fashion.
-
-
- ^CEnjoy these Programs...^c
- ^CThey are some of the best ever created...^c
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
- For the truly brave and curious... here is an example of a Multi-Config
- boot which I use on one of my computers. I'm NOT going to explain it. If
- you don't understand it, then I suggest finding a smart friend locally to
- help you understand this process. NOTE: My device drivers and actual
- programs WILL differ from yours. Make a back up of your Autoexec.bat &
- Config.sys files, and proceed with caution!!!
-
- ---------------
- Now the Config.sys - which works in conjunction with the Autoexec.bat
- ---------------
-
- [Menu]
- menucolor=7,1
- menuitem=Mitsumi, Standard DOS & Windows Install w/CD Rom
- menuitem=Virtual,Load the Default Virtual R: Drive & DOS
- menuitem=CDBurner, Load the Burner... the Money Maker
- menuitem=Defrag, Defragment ALL Hard Drives
- menuitem=Tape, To connect the External Tape Backup
- menudefault=mitsumi,,5
-
- [Common]
- DEVICE=C:\DOS\HIMEM.SYS
- DOS=HIGH,UMB
- DEVICE=C:\DOS\EMM386.EXE M9 NOEMS
- DEVICEhigh=C:\STACKER\CLOAKING\CLOAKING.EXE
- LASTDRIVE=Z
- FILES=30
- BUFFERS=10
- STACKS=9,256
- SHELL=C:\DOS\COMMAND.COM C:\DOS\ /E:256 /p
- DEVICE=C:\STACKER\DPMS.EXE
- DEVICEHIGH=C:\STACKER\STACHIGH.SYS
-
- [Scanner]
- rem ** The following command loads the Scanner Driver
- DEVICEHIGH=C:\MSCSI.SYS
-
- [CDBurner]
- DEVICEHIGH=C:\CDPRO\ASPI4DOS.SYS /D /I
- rem DEVICEHIGH=C:\CDPRO\CDR.SYS /H:0 /T:0 /N:1 /D:MSCD001
- DEVICEHIGH=C:\CDPRO\ASPICD.SYS /D:MSCD001
-
- [Mitsumi]
- DEVICEHIGH=C:\SCSI2DRV\BTDOSM.SYS /P130 /D
- DEVICE=C:\MAD16\cdsetup.sys /T:X
- DEVICEHIGH=C:\MTM\MTMCDAI.SYS /D:MTMIDE01
- DEVICEhigh=C:\DOS\SETVER.EXE
- DEVICE=C:\STACKER\CLOAKING\MOUSECLK.EXE AHIGH CSLOW
-
- [Virtual]
-
- [Defrag]
-
- [Tape]
-
- [Common]
-
- ---------------
- Now the Autoexec.bat - which works in conjunction with the Config.sys
- ---------------
-
- @REM THE CHECK LINE BELOW PROVIDES ADDITIONAL SAFETY FOR STACKER DRIVES.
- @REM PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE IT.
- @C:\STACKER\CHECK /WP
-
- @ECHO OFF
- PROMPT $p$g
- SET path=C:\BATS;C:\STACKER;C:\WIN31;C:\DOS;C:\STACKER\CLOAKING
- SET TEMP=C:\DOS\TEMP
- SET MAD16=C:\MAD16
- C:\MAD16\sndinit /b
- GOTO %CONFIG%
-
- :Virtual
- VIRTUAL.BAT
- GOTO CONTINUE
-
- :MITSUMI
- LH C:\STACKER\CLOAKING\MSCDEX.EXE /D:MTMIDE01 /L:M
- C:\STACKER\CLOAKING\CACHECLK.EXE K=2048 WK=2048 WB=8
- GOTO CONTINUE
-
- :NEXT
- Echo.
- Echo.
- rem ---------------------- MTM ATAPI CD-ROM ----------------------
- Echo Press M to Load MSCDEX by Microsoft /D:MTMIDE01
- Echo Press S to Load SuperCDX by American Info Sciences
- Echo.
- Choice /cMS /tM,2
- If errorlevel 2 goto SU
- If errorlevel 1 goto MS
-
- :MS
- LH C:\DOS\MSCDEX /D:MTMIDE01 /L:M /M:20
- goto continue
-
- :SU
- LH C:\CDPRO\SUPER218 /D:MTMIDE01 /a
- goto end
-
- :CDBurner
- LH C:\DOS\DOSKEY.COM
- pause
- rem choice /cyn /ty,100
- WIN
- goto end
-
- :DEFRAG
- CLEANUP
-
- :TAPE
- BACKUP
- GOTO CONTINUE
-
- :CONTINUE
- rem LH C:\DOS\SMARTDRV.EXE /L /X
- rem NOTE... Do Not run smartdrv with cloaking turned on!
- LH C:\DOS\SHARE.EXE /L:500 /F:5100
- LH C:\DOS\DOSKEY.COM
- GOTO END
-
- :END
- SET BLASTER=A220 I5 D1 T4
-
- ----------------
- The END - I added this example ONLY because of requests received from our
- customers. Remember, you can access HELP on any DOS command by typing HELP
- from the DOS prompt.
-
- Thanks again, and enjoy our products...
-
- -------
- The End
- -------
-